Tag Archives: NH3 Production

Process Synthesis and Global Optimization of Novel Ammonia Production Processes

Doga Demirhan*, William Tso, Efstratios Pistikopoulos
Texas A&M University, United States

NH3 Fuel Conference, Minneapolis, November 2, 2017
AIChE Annual Meeting, Topical Conference: NH3 Energy+

ABSTRACT

Synthetic ammonia production has played a huge role in sustaining population growth by providing the nitrogen in fertilizers that are widely used in modern agriculture. Even long after it was first commercially developed by Fritz Haber and Carl Bosch in the 1930s, the Haber-Bosch process remains the basis for industrial ammonia production today. Through reducing energy requirements by half in the last 50 years, centralized industrial plants have kept their technical and economic advantage over other modes of operation. However, the centralized production also comes with high transportation costs, since plant capacities usually exceed local ammonia consumption [1]. This and the fact that conventional ammonia production is a major contributor of world greenhouse gas emissions (due to natural gas being one of its feedstocks) are motivating factors for researchers to consider alternative methods for smaller-scale and more environmentally-friendly ammonia production [2]. Continue reading

Fast-Ramping Reactor for CO2-Free NH3 Synthesis

Joseph Beach1*, Jonathan Kintner1, Adam Welch1, Jason Ganley2, Ryan O’Hayre2
[1] Starfire Energy; and [2] Colorado School of Mines, United States

NH3 Fuel Conference, Minneapolis, November 1, 2017
AIChE Annual Meeting, Topical Conference: NH3 Energy+

ABSTRACT

Starfire Energy is developing a fast-ramping reactor for making CO2-free NH3 for fuel, energy storage, and agricultural applications. A fast-ramping reactor is desired to follow (a) variable electricity generation from CO2-free sources such wind and solar power plants or (b) variable availability from CO2-free baseload electricity generation such as nuclear or hydroelectric power plants. The reactor builds upon the Haber-Bosch process by (a) introducing a higher activity supported Ru catalyst (over 4.5 mmol g-1 h-1 at 1 atm and over 45 mmol g-1 h-1 at 10 atm) and (b) further enhancing the catalysis by applying an electric potential or electric field to the catalyst. The catalysts and processes are the subjects of PCT patent application PCT/US17/20201. The catalysts and processes have been characterized in a differential reactor and are being incorporated into a prototype reactor designed to produce 3 kg NH3 per day. The presentation will feature data from the differential reactor and prototype reactor testing and modeled cost of CO2-free NH3 at larger production scales. Continue reading

Novel Catalysts for Ammonia Cracking and Synthesis

Bill David*1,2, Josh Makepeace1, Thomas Wood2
[1] University of Oxford; [2] Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, United Kingdom

NH3 Fuel Conference, Minneapolis, November 1, 2017
AIChE Annual Meeting, Topical Conference: NH3 Energy+

ABSTRACT

The most effective ammonia cracking catalysts are currently based on rare metals such as ruthenium and cobalt. While iron can efficiently crack ammonia at 600 °C, it is desirable to develop similarly inexpensive catalysts that are effective at lower temperatures between 350 °C and 500 °C. In this presentation, a new family of imide-based catalysts are described that crack ammonia around 400 °C to 550 °C. These materials do not behave as conventional surface-based catalysts and offer an affordable route for on-board cracking of ammonia for hydrogen fuel-cell cars. The operational parameters of a small 50W lab-based demonstrator will be described and the presentation will conclude with a discussion of the promise of these materials as ammonia synthesis catalysts. Continue reading

Decentralised ammonia production in the Netherlands

Hans Vrijenhoef
Proton Ventures, The Netherlands

NH3 Fuel Conference, Los Angeles, September 20, 2016

ABSTRACT

Our presentation will summarize the results of two government funded research projects Proton carried out over the last year. Continue reading

Key Life Cycle Assessment Numbers for NH3, Green and Brown Energy

Yusuf Bicer1, Ibrahim Dincer1, Calin Zamfirescu1, Greg Vezina2*, Frank Raso2
1 Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, and 2 Hydrofuel Inc., Canada

NH3 Fuel Conference, Los Angeles, September 20, 2016

ABSTRACT

This talk will present the results of two recent studies.

In the first study, four different ammonia production methods are comparatively evaluated using life cycle assessment (LCA). Continue reading

Thermochemical energy storage with ammonia and implications for ammonia as a fuel

Adrienne Lavine
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, USA

NH3 Fuel Conference, Los Angeles, September 19, 2016

ABSTRACT

This seminar presents recent advances in ammonia-based thermochemical energy storage1 (TCES), supported by an award from the US Department of Energy SunShot program. The goal of SunShot is to “reduce the total installed cost of solar energy systems to $.06 per kWh by 2020.” Within the arena of concentrating solar thermal power, Sunshot has established goals for each subsytem, including reducing the cost of the energy storage subsystem to $15 per kWht of stored energy and enabling working fluid temperatures greater than 600°C, consistent with advanced, high performance power blocks. Continue reading

Progress in the Electrochemical Synthesis of Ammonia

V. Kyriakou, I. Garagounis, E. Vasileiou, A. Vourros, M. Stoukides
Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University, Greece
Chemical Processes & Energy Resources Institute, CERTH, Greece
Presenter: W. Grover Coors

13th Annual NH3 Fuel Conference, September 19, 2016

ABSTRACT

Ammonia is one of the most important and widely produced chemicals worldwide with a key role in the growth of human population. Nowadays, the main route for ammonia synthesis is the Haber-Bosch process, developed one century ago. In this process, Fe-based catalysts are usually employed at temperatures between 400 and 500°C and pressures between 130 and 170 bar.

As opposed to the industrial process, in nature, plants and bacteria have been producing ammonia for millions of years at mild conditions. Atmospheric nitrogen is reduced by solvated protons on the FeMo cofactor of the metalloenzyme nitrogenase. The natural method of nitrogen fixation has motivated several research groups to explore the electrochemical synthesis of ammonia at ambient pressure. Continue reading

Ammonia for Energy Storage and Delivery

KEYNOTE SPEECH 2016

Grigorii L. Soloveichik
U.S. Department of Energy, ARPA-E, Washington, DC

13th Annual NH3 Fuel Conference, September 19, 2016

ABSTRACT

The Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA-E) funds high risk, high reward transformational research to reduce energy related emissions, reduce imports of energy from foreign sources, improve energy efficiency across all economic sectors, and ensure US technological lead in advanced energy technologies, including electrochemical energy storage and transformation for grid scale and automotive applications.
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NH3 Fuel — Gaining Momentum

Norm Olson
Chairman, NH3 Fuel Association
Iowa Energy Center, Iowa State University
Tenth Annual NH3 Fuel Conference, September 23, 2013
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Ammonia as an Energy Carrier for Renewable Energy

A Thermodynamic Consideration

Ken-ichi Aika
Research Office of Energy Carrier, Department of Green Innovation, Japan Science and Technology Agency
Tenth Annual NH3 Fuel Conference, September 24, 2013
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